Voices of Creatives - Final Survey Results

This document is designed to allow for exploration of all survey data collected for the Voices of Creatives project. For in-depth analysis of the data, and comparison to relevant indicators, consult the full report at nighttime.org

Project Overview

In 2018 the German Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) launched the Global Project Culture and Creative Industries. The project supports professionals in the cultural and creative industries (CCI) in six partner countries: Iraq, Jordan, Kenya, Lebanon, Senegal and South Africa. The goal is to develop better creative ecosystems, employment and income prospects for CCI professionals.

This document is an appendix of survey data collected in the creation of the Voices of Creatives (VOC) report, an element of the Global Project Culture and Creative Industries. It is created from research conducted with stakeholders from the Music, Fashion, and Design sectors in the six focus countries. The research lasted from January to April, 2021 and involved 22 team members in 12 countries, on 4 continents. The VOC team researched 7 cities: Amman, Beirut, Cape Town, Dakar, Johannesburg, Nairobi, and Sulaymaniyah, conducting 604 surveys and 42 hours of focus group interviews with 133 participants.

Voices of Creatives was created by consultant VibeLab, an Amsterdam, Berlin and Sydney-based agency built and operated by creatives. VibeLab is known for empowering creative communities in cities across the world by using data and engagement to turn the values and needs of creatives into public priorities.

This survey was created by a team at PennPraxis, the applied research and community engagement arm of the University of Pennsylvania Weitzman School of Design in the US. This team was led by Prof. Michael Fichman, in conjunction with Prof. Alessio Koliulis (University College London) and Research Assistant Asha Bazil.

About This Survey

These data represent outputs from an online survey for conducted during February and March of 2021. The survey was conducted in English, French and Arabic with in-person translation at times into Kurdish. The number of surveys considered “high quality” is 604. The criteria for this is that the subject have finished the survey 2/3rds of the way through, and that subjects live in a relevant city, and work in a relevant industry.

The survey was designed to:

-Understand the baseline conditions of work in the CCIs and measure the economic, social, and emotional impacts of the pandemic on the lives of creative people.

-Create a landscape of creative clusters prior to the pandemic.

-Understand the factors important to the success of different types of creative professionals, and determine the relationships between education and demographic background on the needs of our subjects.

Methodology

The survey sample is non-random and therefore should not be considered a scientifically accurate depiction of the entire industries from which it samples. Subjects were presented with the survey through social networks and personal outreach — so their participation has some selection bias. However, the diversity of the participants in the survey sample is clear relative to the indicators we collected, and through the information the subjects provided. Thus, the surveys can be assessed at face value.

We also asked questions related to mappable elements of local geography as they related to the lived experience of our subjects. In cities where mental landscapes of the environment often use interchangeable names and landmarks — this produced a geographic scan of pre-Covid-19 conditions which is usually difficult to access.

How To Use This Document

This is an ‘R Markdown’ document designed to provide a more readable and dynamic interface for outputs from data analysis done using the statistical software language R.

You can use the table of contents at left to navigate through the document.

Expand the document to fit the maximum extent of your screen to make sure you can access all of the menus in the dynamic map.

1 Location

1.1 City Plot

“Do you live in or nearby any of these cities?”

n = 589

1.2 City Table

City	Total Surveys
Beirut, Lebanon	114
Amman, Jordan	91
Johannesburg, South Africa	90
Cape Town, South Africa	86
Nairobi, Kenya	75
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	69
Dakar, Senegal	48
None of the above	16

1.3 City Other

If participants indicated that they did not live in one of the study cities, they were promoted to select the country they live in. This is perhaps due to the movement of people from cities to suburbs in light of the pandemic.

Country	Total Surveys
Iraq	6
Senegal	4
South Africa	3
Kenya	2
Jordan	1

2 Industry Participation

2.1 Industries

“Do you participate in any of the following industries?”

n = 589

2.2 Industry by city (%)

2.3. Industry by city (#)

2.4 Industry by City table

Note that participants can choose more than one field, thus total surveys does not equal sum of industry totals.

City	Design	Fashion	Music	Total_Surveys
Amman, Jordan	50	20	36	91
Beirut, Lebanon	57	27	56	114
Cape Town, South Africa	33	23	65	86
Dakar, Senegal	15	15	29	48
Johannesburg, South Africa	36	16	68	90
Nairobi, Kenya	28	30	30	75
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	27	23	30	69

2.5.1. Industry Nairobi

“Do you participate in any of the following industries? - Nairobi”

n = 75

2.5.2 Industry Dakar

“Do you participate in any of the following industries? - Dakar”

n = 48

2.5.3 Industry Beirut

“Do you participate in any of the following industries? - Beirut”

n = 114

2.5.4 Industry Amman

“Do you participate in any of the following industries? - Amman”

n = 91

2.5.5 Industry Cape Town

“Do you participate in any of the following industries? - Cape Town”

n = 86

2.5.6 Industry Johannesburg

“Do you participate in any of the following industries? - Johannesburg”

n = 90

2.5.7 Industry Sulaymaniya

“Do you participate in any of the following industries? - Sulaymaniya”

n = 69

3 Industry roles

3.1 Choose any of these job types

“Choose any of these job types that describe your work.”

Participants in fashion industries in South Africa also have involvement in music, and events and their music industry is more heavily towards live performance and not recording etc.,

Top 3 industry roles for each industry in each city

Top 3 roles for each industry in each city

value	industry	cityLive	n
Graphic Design	Design	Amman, Jordan	19
Interior Design	Design	Amman, Jordan	19
Architecture and Urban Planning	Design	Amman, Jordan	17
Design	Fashion	Amman, Jordan	20
Production and manufacturing	Fashion	Amman, Jordan	12
Textiles	Fashion	Amman, Jordan	11
Music Production and Recording	Music	Amman, Jordan	23
Event production	Music	Amman, Jordan	16
Festivals	Music	Amman, Jordan	13
Graphic Design	Design	Beirut, Lebanon	25
Product Design	Design	Beirut, Lebanon	21
Management	Design	Beirut, Lebanon	20
Design	Fashion	Beirut, Lebanon	22
Production and manufacturing	Fashion	Beirut, Lebanon	20
Sales	Fashion	Beirut, Lebanon	15
DJing	Music	Beirut, Lebanon	34
Music Production and Recording	Music	Beirut, Lebanon	33
Event production	Music	Beirut, Lebanon	27
Marketing	Design	Cape Town, South Africa	31
Management	Design	Cape Town, South Africa	26
Film, TV, Video	Design	Cape Town, South Africa	21
Marketing	Fashion	Cape Town, South Africa	25
Management	Fashion	Cape Town, South Africa	20
Festivals	Fashion	Cape Town, South Africa	14
Marketing	Music	Cape Town, South Africa	49
Festivals	Music	Cape Town, South Africa	43
Event production	Music	Cape Town, South Africa	42
Marketing	Design	Dakar, Senegal	12
Graphic Design	Design	Dakar, Senegal	9
Printed Design	Design	Dakar, Senegal	6
Marketing	Fashion	Dakar, Senegal	11
Production and manufacturing	Fashion	Dakar, Senegal	11
Textiles	Fashion	Dakar, Senegal	9
Music Production and Recording	Music	Dakar, Senegal	19
Marketing	Music	Dakar, Senegal	13
Event production	Music	Dakar, Senegal	12
Management	Design	Johannesburg, South Africa	36
Marketing	Design	Johannesburg, South Africa	29
Graphic Design	Design	Johannesburg, South Africa	15
Management	Fashion	Johannesburg, South Africa	26
Marketing	Fashion	Johannesburg, South Africa	24
Design	Fashion	Johannesburg, South Africa	11
Management	Music	Johannesburg, South Africa	53
Event production	Music	Johannesburg, South Africa	41
Marketing	Music	Johannesburg, South Africa	40
Graphic Design	Design	Nairobi, Kenya	18
Management	Design	Nairobi, Kenya	8
Product Design	Design	Nairobi, Kenya	8
Design	Fashion	Nairobi, Kenya	20
Sales	Fashion	Nairobi, Kenya	11
Marketing	Fashion	Nairobi, Kenya	10
Event production	Music	Nairobi, Kenya	16
Music Production and Recording	Music	Nairobi, Kenya	15
Management	Music	Nairobi, Kenya	13
Graphic Design	Design	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	11
Management	Design	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	11
Design	Design	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	10
Design	Fashion	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	14
Modeling	Fashion	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	12
Marketing	Fashion	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	7
Instrument Playing	Music	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	24
Composing	Music	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	7
Music Production and Recording	Music	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	7

3.2.1 Music Roles

“Choose any of these job types that describe your work. (Choose all that apply)”

n = 384

3.2.2 Music Roles by City Plots

“Choose any of these job types that describe your work. (Choose all that apply)” n = 384

• South African cities seem to have some more emphasis on events, while Beirut and Amman have higher levels of music production and recording.

3.2.3 Music Roles by City Table

Music Industry Roles by City

cityLive	Broadcasting	Composing	Dance	DJing	Equipment	Event production	Festivals	Instrument Playing	Management	Marketing	Music Production and Recording	Performing Arts	Sales	Singing	Teaching
Amman, Jordan	7	11	5	10	5	16	13	6	10	5	23	12	1	10	9
Beirut, Lebanon	6	22	5	34	4	27	20	21	13	11	33	23	4	11	8
Cape Town, South Africa	16	4	7	34	11	42	43	6	27	33	27	15	11	4	10
Dakar, Senegal	4	7	1	3	1	12	7	2	7	10	19	9	1	5	5
Johannesburg, South Africa	11	8	2	22	13	41	31	9	32	23	30	19	13	7	5
Nairobi, Kenya	2	7	2	2	2	16	10	7	11	11	15	13	4	9	3
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	NA	7	NA	2	1	1	4	24	4	3	7	5	2	4	5

3.3.1 Design Roles

“Choose any of these job types that describe your work. (Choose all that apply)”

n = 341

• Graphic design is the most common role within the design industry, followed by product design and film, TV, and Video

3.3.2 Design Roles by City Plot

“Choose any of these job types that describe your work. (Choose all that apply)”

n = 341

3.3.3 Design Roles by City Table

Design Industry Roles by City

cityLive	Animation	Architecture and Urban Planning	Craft-making	Film, TV, Video	Food Design	Graphic Design	Interior Design	Landscape Design	Live Streaming Media	Management	Marketing	Printed Design	Product Design	Sculpture and Ceramics	Video Games	Web Design
Amman, Jordan	5	17	11	9	2	19	19	6	3	6	6	9	16	11	2	3
Beirut, Lebanon	9	13	8	13	2	25	17	5	4	11	10	16	21	2	1	13
Cape Town, South Africa	15	NA	1	21	1	15	NA	NA	11	11	13	7	7	1	3	6
Dakar, Senegal	1	NA	3	4	2	9	4	NA	3	1	6	6	3	NA	NA	5
Johannesburg, South Africa	13	1	1	13	1	15	2	NA	7	13	12	6	7	2	5	3
Nairobi, Kenya	7	NA	4	7	1	18	3	1	1	5	5	3	8	2	1	1
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	3	5	NA	6	NA	11	2	3	NA	6	5	5	6	NA	2	1

3.4.1 Fashion Industry Roles

“Choose any of these job types that describe your work. (Choose all that apply)”

n = 189

• Design is the most common role within the fashion industry, followed by production and manufacturing

3.4.2 Fashion Industry Roles by City Plot

“Choose any of these job types that describe your work. (Choose all that apply)”

n = 189

3.4.3 Fashion Industry Roles by City Table

Fashion Industry Roles by City

cityLive	Advertising	Cosmetology	Design	Jewelry	Management	Marketing	Modeling	Photography	Production and manufacturing	Publishing	Sales	Textiles
Amman, Jordan	1	1	20	2	6	5	3	6	12	2	4	11
Beirut, Lebanon	6	NA	22	4	9	9	3	4	20	3	14	11
Cape Town, South Africa	10	1	9	NA	7	8	3	8	9	1	5	3
Dakar, Senegal	1	NA	6	1	2	7	1	1	11	NA	6	9
Johannesburg, South Africa	6	1	11	1	9	10	2	3	5	4	6	3
Nairobi, Kenya	5	1	20	4	5	10	5	5	10	2	11	8
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	3	NA	14	2	4	5	12	6	2	1	3	3

3.5 - Multiple roles per industry

In the 3 main industries, how many of these roles are individual subjects doing?

n = 589

4 Contemporary - Traditional

“How would you describe your work?”

n = 583

4.1. Contemporary - Traditional

4.2 Contemporary - Traditional by Industry

“How would you describe your work?”

n = 583

5 Skills and Resources

5.1 Skills and Resources

“Where did you learn the skills needed for your work or creative practice?”

n = 589

5.2 Skills and Resources by City (%)

“Where did you learn the skills needed for your work or creative practice?”

n = 589

5.3 Skills and Resources by City (#)

“Where did you learn the skills needed for your work or creative practice?” n = 589

5.3.1. Skills and Resources by City

Skills and Resources by City

cityLive	value	count	percentage
Amman, Jordan	Self-taught	65	39.877301
Amman, Jordan	School	46	28.220859
Amman, Jordan	Apprenticeship (formal or informal)	25	15.337423
Amman, Jordan	Online training	24	14.723926
Amman, Jordan	Family	3	1.840491
Beirut, Lebanon	Self-taught	87	37.991266
Beirut, Lebanon	School	67	29.257642
Beirut, Lebanon	Apprenticeship (formal or informal)	44	19.213974
Beirut, Lebanon	Online training	23	10.043668
Beirut, Lebanon	Family	8	3.493450
Cape Town, South Africa	Self-taught	69	38.333333
Cape Town, South Africa	School	45	25.000000
Cape Town, South Africa	Online training	32	17.777778
Cape Town, South Africa	Apprenticeship (formal or informal)	30	16.666667
Cape Town, South Africa	Family	4	2.222222
Dakar, Senegal	Self-taught	28	35.000000
Dakar, Senegal	School	22	27.500000
Dakar, Senegal	Apprenticeship (formal or informal)	21	26.250000
Dakar, Senegal	Online training	6	7.500000
Dakar, Senegal	Family	3	3.750000
Johannesburg, South Africa	Self-taught	59	32.960894
Johannesburg, South Africa	School	44	24.581006
Johannesburg, South Africa	Apprenticeship (formal or informal)	42	23.463687
Johannesburg, South Africa	Online training	27	15.083799
Johannesburg, South Africa	Family	7	3.910614
Nairobi, Kenya	Self-taught	51	38.636364
Nairobi, Kenya	Online training	28	21.212121
Nairobi, Kenya	School	28	21.212121
Nairobi, Kenya	Apprenticeship (formal or informal)	22	16.666667
Nairobi, Kenya	Family	3	2.272727
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	Self-taught	41	43.617021
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	Online training	23	24.468085
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	School	13	13.829787
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	Apprenticeship (formal or informal)	11	11.702128
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	Family	6	6.382979

5.4 Skills and Resources by Education Level

“Where did you learn the skills needed for your work or creative practice?”

n = 589

5.5 Skills and Resources by Industry

“Where did you learn the skills needed for your work or creative practice?”

n = 589

• The music industry much more likely to be self-taught

5.6.1 Resources Nairobi

“Where did you learn the skills needed for your work or creative practice? - Nairobi”

n = 75

6 Hours Per Week

6.1 Hours Per Week 2019 (%)

“In 2019, approximately how many hours per week did you work or practice in this field?”

n = 568

6.2 Hours Per Week 2019 (#)

“In 2019, approximately how many hours per week did you work or practice in this field?”

6.3.1 Work Hours Nairobi

“How did work hours change between 2019 and 2020 in Nairobi?”

n = 74

Hours in Creative Employment per Week - 2019 to 2020 - Nairobi

6.3.2 Work Hours Amman

“How did work hours in creative employment change between 2019 and 2020 in Amman?”

n = 88

• Decrease in full-time employment is relatively small in Amman.

6.3.2.1 Work Hours Amman - Music vs. Non music

• Nobody in fashion or design reported being without work in 2019 - high baseline pre-covid.

Hours in Creative Employment per Week - 2019 to 2020 - Amman - Music vs Non Music n = 88

6.3.3 Work Hours Beirut

“How did work hours in creative employment change between 2019 and 2020 in Beirut?”

Hours of work in creative employment per week, 2019-20 - Beirut

n = 111

6.3.4 Work Hours Cape Town

“How did work hours in creative employment change between 2019 and 2020 in Cape Town?”

Hours of work in creative employment per week, 2019-20 - Cape Town

n = 76

6.3.5 Work Hours Johannesburg

“How did work hours in creative employment change between 2019 and 2020 in Johannesburg?”

Hours of work in creative employment per week, 2019-20 - Johannesburg

n = 83

6.3.6 Work Hours Sulaymaniya

“How did work hours in creative employment change between 2019 and 2020 in Sulaymaniya?”

Hours of work in creative employment per week, 2019-20 - Sulaymaniya n = 61

6.3.7 Work Hours Dakar

“How did work hours in creative employment change between 2019 and 2020 in Dakar?”

Hours of work in creative employment per week, 2019-20 - Dakar

n = 44

6.3.8 Work Hours Formal/Informal

• There don’t appear to be appreciable differences in patterns between registered and unregistered businesses except that unregistered businesses seemed to be less likely to be doing full time work in general.

Hours in Creative Employment per Week - 2019 to 2020 - by business registration

n = 424

6.4 Work Hours 2020

“Since March 2020, approximately how many hours per week did you work or practice in this field?”

n = 561

6.5 Work Hours Change

• This general pattern seems to hold for all three industries and also freelancers

Hours in Creative Employment per Week - 2019 to 2020

n = 552

6.6 Work Hours Freelance

Hours in Creative Employment per Week - 2019 to 2020 - Self-Employed

n = 319

6.7.1 Change in Workhours - All

Change in Hours per Week

n = 552

6.7.2 Change in Workhours - Freelancer

Change in Hours per Week - Freelancers

n = 312

6.7.2 Change in Workhours - Music

Change in Hours per Week - Music

n = 310

6.7.2 Change in Workhours - Cape Town

Change in Hours per Week - Cape Town

n = 76

7 Work Situation

7.1.1 Work Situation by City - Plot

“What is your current working situation? (Choose all that apply)”

n = 589

Work situation by City - Percentage

cityLive	Not working right now	Own a business	Self-employed / freelancer	Work for a firm with fewer than 10 people	Work for a firm with more than 10 people	Work for the government or an NGO
Amman, Jordan	11.666667	32.500000	33.33333	8.333333	10.000000	4.166667
Beirut, Lebanon	11.320755	27.044025	45.28302	4.402516	10.691824	1.257862
Cape Town, South Africa	14.018692	30.841121	37.38318	4.672897	7.476636	5.607477
Dakar, Senegal	9.230769	40.000000	38.46154	3.076923	7.692308	1.538461
Johannesburg, South Africa	13.492064	30.158730	43.65079	3.174603	6.349206	3.174603
Nairobi, Kenya	9.000000	28.000000	49.00000	8.000000	4.000000	2.000000
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	18.604651	9.302326	44.18605	5.813954	15.116279	6.976744

7.2.1 Work situation by industry - Plot

“What is your current working situation? (Choose all that apply)”

8 Number Employed

8.1 Number Employed in 2019

“In 2019, how many full-time or part-time people did you employ?”

Business Owners - 2019 employment

n = 213

8.2 Business Owners Employment

“How many people work for you now?”

Business Owners - 2020 employment as a percentage of 2019

n = 215

8.3 Business Owners Employment - Design

Business Owners - 2020 employment as a percentage of 2019 - Design

n = 95

8.4 Business Owners Employment - Nairobi

Business Owners - 2020 employment as a percentage of 2019 - Nairobi

n = 28

8.4.2 Business Owners Employment - Amman

Business Owners - 2020 employment as a percentage of 2019 - Amman

n = 39

8.4.2 Business Owners Employment - Johannesburg

Business Owners - 2020 employment as a percentage of 2019 - Johannesburg

n = 38

9 Business Registration

“Is your business registered?”

n = 433

Business Registration by City - Percentage

cityLive	No (Operating informally)	Prefer not to say	Yes
Amman, Jordan	33.333333	11.111111	55.55556
Beirut, Lebanon	35.869565	9.782609	54.34783
Cape Town, South Africa	21.311475	13.114754	65.57377
Dakar, Senegal	9.302326	4.651163	86.04651
Johannesburg, South Africa	22.857143	10.000000	67.14286
Nairobi, Kenya	35.483871	12.903226	51.61290
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	38.095238	35.714286	26.19048

10 Revenue & Income

10.1 Owner Revenue PLOT

Businesses Owners - 2020 Gross Revenue as a Percentage of 2019 Revenue

n = 209

10.1.2 Owner Revenue Table

Business Owner Revenue Change 2019-2020 - Percentage by City

cityLive	Less than 25%	25-50%	50-75%	75-100%	More than 100%
Amman, Jordan	43.24324	24.324324	13.51351	8.108108	10.810811
Beirut, Lebanon	30.95238	38.095238	11.90476	9.523810	9.523810
Cape Town, South Africa	63.63636	3.030303	15.15152	18.181818	NA
Dakar, Senegal	50.00000	20.833333	16.66667	8.333333	4.166667
Johannesburg, South Africa	50.00000	23.684210	10.52632	10.526316	5.263158
Nairobi, Kenya	51.85185	25.925926	14.81481	3.703704	3.703704
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	62.50000	25.000000	NA	12.500000	NA

10.1.3 Business Revenue - Cape Town

Businesses Owners - 2020 Gross Revenue as a Percentage of 2019 Revenue - Cape Town

n = 33

10.2.1 Freelancer Income

Freelancers & Wage Earners - 2020 Income as a Percentage of 2019 Income

n = 334

10.2.2 Freelancer Income - Table

Freelancer Income Change

cityLive	Less than 25%	25-50%	50-75%	75-100%	More than 100%
Amman, Jordan	42.85714	18.36735	6.122449	22.448980	10.204082
Beirut, Lebanon	57.35294	20.58824	7.352941	11.764706	2.941177
Cape Town, South Africa	53.19149	19.14894	8.510638	10.638298	8.510638
Dakar, Senegal	44.44444	50.00000	5.555556	NA	NA
Johannesburg, South Africa	45.83333	22.91667	4.166667	12.500000	14.583333
Nairobi, Kenya	48.93617	21.27660	14.893617	4.255319	10.638298
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	35.08772	35.08772	19.298246	3.508772	7.017544

10.3 Music Income

Music Workers - 2020 Income as a Percentage of 2019 Income

n = 195

10.4 Income change by business registration

2020 Income as a Percentage of 2019 Income - by registration

n = 214

11 Unemployment duration

11.1

“If not working - How many months has it been since your last work?”

n = 82

11.2.1 Distribution of Employment Duration by City

“If not working - How many months has it been since your last work? (PLOT OUTLIERS REMOVED)”

n = 81

11.2.2 Median Employment Duration by City

cityLive	median_months
Amman, Jordan	9
Beirut, Lebanon	11
Cape Town, South Africa	5
Dakar, Senegal	11
Johannesburg, South Africa	8
Nairobi, Kenya	5
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	2

11.2.3 Distribution of Employment Duration by City - Beirut

“If not working - How many months has it been since your last work? (Beirut)”

n = 16

12 Forms of Relief

12.1 Relief - all cities

“Have you received any of the following types of relief in 2020?”

n = 286

12.2.1 Subsidy by City - Plot

12.2.1 Subsidy by City - Table

Forms of subsidy received - Counts

City	Direct cash assistance (grants, subsidy)	Food aid	Loans	Mutual aid or family assistance	Professional training	Rental assistance	Supplies or equipment	Technical support	Unemployment payments	Total_Surveys
Amman, Jordan	8	NA	4	17	6	2	1	2	1	91
Beirut, Lebanon	30	6	NA	16	9	NA	NA	2	NA	114
Cape Town, South Africa	9	3	7	19	2	3	2	1	9	86
Dakar, Senegal	15	1	2	7	8	NA	NA	2	NA	48
Johannesburg, South Africa	4	3	14	16	6	3	4	2	11	90
Nairobi, Kenya	5	NA	10	26	10	6	1	3	2	75
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	10	3	1	16	11	NA	3	9	1	69

12.2.2. Subsidy - Nairobi

Forms of subsidy received - Nairobi

n = 75

12.2.3. Subsidy - Beirut

Forms of subsidy received - Beirut

n = 114

12.3 Subsidy by Education

Forms of subsidy received by educational attainment

n = 513

12.3 Subsidy by Education - Joburg

Forms of subsidy received by educational attainment - Johannesburg

n = 80

12.4 Subsidy Nairobi

Forms of subsidy received - Nairobi

n = 75

13 Standard of living

13.1 Standard of living by City plot

“To what degree do you agree with the following statement: “My working income and aid I have received have been adequate to maintain my living standard in the past year.”

n = 516

13.2 Standard of living by City table

Standard of Living by City - Percentages

cityLive	Strongly agree	Agree	I don’t know	Disagree	Strongly disagree
Amman, Jordan	3.658537	26.82927	10.975610	30.48780	28.04878
Beirut, Lebanon	2.970297	26.73267	14.851485	29.70297	25.74257
Cape Town, South Africa	2.564103	12.82051	3.846154	32.05128	48.71795
Dakar, Senegal	7.894737	13.15789	5.263158	36.84211	36.84211
Johannesburg, South Africa	7.594937	17.72152	5.063291	26.58228	43.03797
Nairobi, Kenya	5.714286	17.14286	10.000000	41.42857	25.71429
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	11.320755	18.86792	28.301887	18.86792	22.64151

13.3 Standard of living by Industry

“To what degree do you agree with the following statement: “My working income and aid I have received have been adequate to maintain my living standard in the past year.”

Standard of Living by Industry

n = 516

14 Types of spaces

14.1 Types of spaces

“Prior to Covid-19, which of these spaces were important to your work?”

n = 549

14.2 Types of spaces by City

“Prior to Covid-19, which of these spaces were important to your work?”

n = 589

14.3 Importance of Types of Spaces

Income Loss by Types of Spaces

n = 589

14.4 - Type of space, single city example - Nairobi

“Prior to Covid-19, which of these spaces were important to your work?”

n = 75

14.5 Type of Space by industry and city

Type of Space by Industry and City

n = 589

15 Space and Productivity

“To what degree do you agree with the following statement: “After March, 2020, I was able to move my work to a space with more Covid safety and remain productive.”"

15.1 Productivity by City plot

Productivity by City

n = 512

15.1 Productivity by City - Amman

“To what degree do you agree with the following statement:After March, 2020, I was able to move my work to a space with more Covid safety and remain productive.”

n = 80

15.2 Productivity by City table

Productivity by City

cityLive	Strongly agree	Agree	I don’t know	Disagree	Strongly disagree
Amman, Jordan	14	25	13	17	11
Beirut, Lebanon	10	35	22	29	10
Cape Town, South Africa	9	15	9	22	24
Dakar, Senegal	2	17	3	16	4
Johannesburg, South Africa	8	26	6	22	20
Nairobi, Kenya	8	21	9	21	10
None of the above	1	4	2	2	5
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	8	22	12	10	2

15.3 Productivity by Industry

Productivity by Industry

n = 526

16 Spatial Data

16.1.1 Cape Town - Plots

“Before Corona, in 2019, did you work in any of the following areas of your city?”

n = 86

• The top creative regions in CapeTown are Southern, Table Bay, Mitchells Plain, and Khayelitsha.

16.1.2 Cape Town - Maps

16.1.3 Cape Town - Creative Heart

“In your city, is there a place which you would consider, before Covid, the social “heart” of your creative community or industry? This can be a venue, district, park, studio, or other landmark.What is it called and where is it?"

Creative Heart Cape Town - by Industry

Design_Creative_Heart Bergvliet Triggerfish Animation Studios can’t think of any right now Cape town Cape Town Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD CBD - Town Central Business District CHD Central Business District Don’t know Green Point Kloof street , Bree street , Woodstock Modular none Southern Peninsula, Cape Town CBD The Animation School, in Woodstock, Cape Town The City the internet Woodstock Woodstock Woodstock and Observatory

Fashion_Creative_Heart Any bar with in town with the friends Beaches, mountains, studios etc Cape Town Cape Town Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD Cape Town in general for mr CBD - Town CBD & Woodstock Grand Arena Kloof street , Bree street , Woodstock Kloof Street / Bree Street The City the internet Woodstock Woodstock

Music_Creative_Heart Any bar with in town with the friends Bazique Festival BREE ST Cape town Cape Town Cape Town Cape Town & Green Point common fields area Cape Town Business District Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD Cape Town CBD Cape Town City bowl, Shimmy beach club, Rands Khayelitsha Cape Town in general for mr CBD CBD - Town CBD & Woodstock Center of Cape Town Central Business District CHD Central Business District City bowl City Bowl District where all the clubs and venues were as well as all the festivals/events that happened all over South Africa that I played at City Centrr Grand Arena Grand Arena, GrandWest & Kirstenbosch Gardens Green Point Gugasthebe Gugulethu my township Kefu’s Jazz/Deep House lounge Kloof Street / Bree Street Long Street Modular Modular cape town Modular club Modular club Cape Town Not in particular I work all over Rands Cape Town Ras Arts Centre RESET reset The City Underground music and events was nationwide. V & A Waterfront, centre of Cape Town Waterfront Woodstock Woodstock Woodstock and Observatory

16.2.1 Nairobi - Plots

“Before Corona, in 2019, did you work in any of the following areas of your city?”

n = 75

• The top creative region in Nairobi is the Westlands, followed by Langata and Kibra.

16.2.2 Nairobi - Maps

16.2.3 Nairobi - Creative Heart

“In your city, is there a place which you would consider, before Covid, the social “heart” of your creative community or industry? This can be a venue, district, park, studio, or other landmark.What is it called and where is it?"

Creative Heart Nairobi - by Industry

Design_Creative_Heart Around kilimani, lavington and westlands area as that’s where most creative agencies are. Fedha estate Kenya National Theatre Kilimani area Kuona Art Centre kuona trust My house Mzuzi Park No Queen’s catering services South B Strathmore University The Alchemist The Love Studio (Westlands) Westlands Westlands and Kilimani

Fashion_Creative_Heart Dagoz I Hub Jumia Kenya K1 club house Kenya National Theatre Kilimani Loresho Maasai Mara,Narok County,Kenya Mathare street Mathare street Metta My studio where clients would socialize and buy N/A Nairobi CBD, Nairobi Textiles No Swahilipot Hub, in Mombasa. Westlands Westlands Westlands and Kilimani Westlands, Karen

Music_Creative_Heart A restaurant in Westlands called J’s Fresh Bar & Kitchen that is now closed, also my home/office in Dagoretti Corner where rehearsals would take place and events planned Clubs around Nairobi Dagoretti Corner Fedha estate GoDown Arts Centre, Kayaweh road Kilimani, Nairobi. K1 Kenya National theatre, Intercontinental Hotel, MJC Michael Joseph Center, Westlands MJC, J’s Fresh Bar and Kitchen, Muze, Goethe Institut, Alliance Francaise, Muze My house Ngong Racecourse No Nowhere in particular PAWA 254, so many Supersonic studios The Alchemist The Elephant Westlands/ Lavington Theatre Trm Vocal Centre Nairobi Westlands Westlands and CBD Westlands and Kilimani Westlands in general

16.3.1 Johannesburg - Plots

“Before Corona, in 2019, did you work in any of the following areas of your city?”

n = 90

• The top three creative regions in Johannesburg are Sandton, Braamfontein, and Rose Bank.

16.3.2 Johannesburg - Maps

16.3.3 Johannesburg - Creative Heart

“In your city, is there a place which you would consider, before Covid, the social “heart” of your creative community or industry? This can be a venue, district, park, studio, or other landmark.What is it called and where is it?"

Creative Heart Johannesburg - by Industry

Design_Creative_Heart All the Theatres in JHB And Club, TOYTOY - Newtown Precinct Braamfontein , Rosebank, C/O 4th and 7th, Linden florida rd,Dbn Florida Road Precint Hurlingham Road, Dutch, Illovo Kyalami and Constitution Hill Larger Gauteng, all event spaces Maboneng, Newtown, Melville! Braam! Melville, also Ampd Studio at Newtown Junction My House, It’s in Midrand Newtown Open Window, Irene Randburg Sandton SCC Sandton The Venue called The Shed in Salt Rock, Dolphin Coast Ticketpro Dome Tshimologong digital innovation precinct Tshimologong Precinct

Fashion_Creative_Heart Braamfontein , Rosebank, CapeTown florida rd,Dbn Hurlingham Road, Dutch, Illovo Larger Gauteng, all event spaces Maboneng, Newtown, Melville! Braam! Melville, also Ampd Studio at Newtown Junction no REDIALLE designs SCC Sandton Stylists own wardrobe house for stylists Ticketpro Dome Wedding Venues in and around South Africa

Music_Creative_Heart 7th Street Melville All clubs and venues All the Theatres in JHB And Club And Club, TOYTOY - Newtown Precinct Boksburg Braamfontein Braamfontein Braamfontein Braamfontein , Rosebank, Carfax and And Club/Gwi Gwi Street in Town. Jynx Fourways. Carfax Newtown Don’t know Durban florida rd,Dbn Fourways Hurlingham Road, Dutch, Illovo Johannesburg Just nature should be more available to people within cities in general - new or old - allowing creative spaces for those who want and need it - anywhere can be a heart building or park Kitcheners Bar Lounge Kyalami and Constitution Hill Larger Gauteng, all event spaces Maboneng Maboneng Maboneng and Melville Maboneng, Newtown, Melville! Braam! Mellville Melville Melville, also Ampd Studio at Newtown Junction Melville, West of Johannesburg Midrand n/a Newtown Newtown Newtown Newtown & Braamfontein No No single ’heart. Venues and performance spaces everywhere Rosebank Sandton convention center Sandton District SCC Sandton The Dome The Living Room The Venue called The Shed in Salt Rock, Dolphin Coast Ticketpro Dome Time Square Menlyn Untilted Basement Various stadiums , outdoor areas , the Dome , theatres

16.4.1 Sulaymaniya - Plots

“Before Corona, in 2019, did you work in any of the following areas of your city?”

n = 69

• The top creative region in Sulaymaniya is the Northeast quadrant of the city.

16.4.2 Sulaymaniya - Maps

16.4.3 Sulaymaniya - Creative Heart

“In your city, is there a place which you would consider, before Covid, the social “heart” of your creative community or industry? This can be a venue, district, park, studio, or other landmark.What is it called and where is it?"

Creative Heart Sulaymaniya - by Industry

Design_Creative_Heart Al reef Cafe, The Station Culture factory , and a ngo So many places that are now ruined because people are more protective to go out. studio That Architectural studio that i have worked for was my creative land of working The whole market Xline Xline Xline/ culture factory لاريوجد مركز المدينة التجاري, سوق المناخلية- دمشق - سورية

Fashion_Creative_Heart Bazar , segregate factory Culture factory , and a ngo home home Home Iraq Sulaymaniyah Studio X-line Xline

Music_Creative_Heart Music House kurdistan Culture Factory, Xline Fine Art institute Music house Music school Youth Ofsulaymani Studio Sugars factory in sulaymani The studio in my city X line and AuroraRecords X-Line at Tobacco Factory was a great place for me because whenever I wanted to practice on my music بيت الموسيقى music hous

16.5.1 Dakar - Plots

“Before Corona, in 2019, did you work in any of the following areas of your city?”

n = 48

• The top three creative regions in Dakar are Ouakam, Mermoz Sacre Coeur, and Plateau.

16.5.2 Dakar - Maps

16.5.3 Dakar - Creative Heart

“In your city, is there a place which you would consider, before Covid, the social “heart” of your creative community or industry? This can be a venue, district, park, studio, or other landmark.What is it called and where is it?"

Creative Heart Dakar - by Industry

Design_Creative_Heart La boîte à idée - Mermoz La rue La rue Ma boutique à yoff Virage MUUS DU TUXX Plateau sicap mbao There are different neighbourhoods in the city with a groups of creative people working together. TRAART STUDIO

Fashion_Creative_Heart Building communal, medina Dakar Plateau 118 rue Joseph Gomis Espace Médina, Médina La boîte à idée - Mermoz Léona à Saint louis du Sénégal Ma boutique à yoff Virage Plateau

Music_Creative_Heart Almadies centre culturel Blaise Senghor - Dakar douta seck Douta Seck cultural Center Institut français de Dakar Jooko Studio A Ouest Foire La boîte à idée - Mermoz La Maison des Cultures Urbaines sise à Ouakam Les espaces de diffusion (restaurant, hôtel, salles de spectacles, les centres culturels etc. Maison de la Culture Douta Seck Maison des cultures urbaines MCU Ouakam Médina Monument de la Renaissance MUUS DU TUXX Pikine la banlieue Plateau Plateau Rufisque STUDIO Studio 4 my dogg There are different neighbourhoods in the city with a groups of creative people working together. Ville de Rufisque Commune de Tivaouane Peulh Niaga Yoff-Apecsy

16.6.1 Amman - Plots

“Before Corona, in 2019, did you work in any of the following areas of your city?”

n = 91

16.6.2 Amman - Maps

16.6.3 Amman - Creative Heart

“In your city, is there a place which you would consider, before Covid, the social “heart” of your creative community or industry? This can be a venue, district, park, studio, or other landmark.What is it called and where is it?"

Creative Heart Amman - by Industry

Design_Creative_Heart Books @ café Amman Clubs Downtown eyen studio downtown Amman Jabal Al-Weibdeh Jabal Amman Jabal Amman / jabal al lweibdeh Jabal Amman & Lweibdeh Jabal Amman-Jabal al Lweibdeh Area and parts of Downtown Amman Jabal ELwabdih Jabal Luweibdeh jabal wiebdeh and jabal amman Lweibdeh Lweibdeh Na No Pikasso d’Or - Four Season Amman Tech works / dabouq Techworks , business park Weibdeh Weibdeh Weibdeh zinc Zinc (Zain ) - Business Park الاستودیو الظهير لا

Fashion_Creative_Heart Books @ café Amman Downtown I dont feel we have a certain area that we can call heart of fashion or design Jabal Al-Weibdeh Jabal Amman / jabal al lweibdeh Lweibdeh Tech works / dabouq Techworks , business park The platform Weibdeh Zinc (Zain ) - Business Park الزرقاء الجديدة _ شارع الجيش ( مقر لتصميم الأزياء)

Music_Creative_Heart Al-Waibdeh in Amman All venues hosting events in Jordan and the region Ambush in Jabal Amman Bait al Nai, Al Balad Theatre Clubs i don’t go out much, all of my creative work is in my home. I don’t think we have anything that counts as a creative hub, everything is either too expensive to afford or overly crowded and unorganized Jabal Al-Weibdeh Jabal Allwebdeh Jabal Amman & Lweibdeh Jabal Amman-Jabal al Lweibdeh Area and parts of Downtown Amman jabal wiebdeh and jabal amman Montreal portico in jabal al weibdeh and uncle sam in jabal amman The Corner’s Pub (music venue) second circle The venues we used to book for our clubbing nights + Ambush zorba The whole city was the heart of our industry if I understand the question Weibdeh Zinc (Zain ) - Business Park البوليفارد وسط البلد/ جبل اللويبدة

16.7.1 Beirut - Plots

“Before Corona, in 2019, did you work in any of the following areas of your city?”

n = 114

• The top creative region in Beirut is Achrafieh, followed by Mar Mikhaël and Gemmayze located within Medawar.

16.7.2 Beirut - Maps

16.7.3 Beirut - Creative Heart

“In your city, is there a place which you would consider, before Covid, the social “heart” of your creative community or industry? This can be a venue, district, park, studio, or other landmark.What is it called and where is it?"

Creative Heart Beirut - by Industry

Design_Creative_Heart A Christmas fair in Byblos Achrafieh area ( gemmayze , marmkhael, saifi) , bourj hammoud for production ashrafieh Ashrafieh Ashrafieh AUB BDD Beirout Cafe Younes Hamra coffee shops of beirut Coffee shops of Gemmayzeh and Mar Mikhael Creative Space Beirut - CSB Exhibitions Gemayze and surroundings I guess Gemmayze Gemmayze Gemmayze among others Gemmayze and Mar Mikhael districts, as they are home of the main galleries, shops and exhibition spaces in the creative field. Gemmayze, Mar Mikhael Gemmayze, mar mkhael had lots of small cultural venues now closed after the explosion, mkales venue music and exhibition space gymmayze, monot, badaro Home office Home Office KED in Quarantina, museums Mansion - Zokak El Blatt Mar Mikael Beirut Mar mikhael Mar mikhael Mar mikhael Mar mikhael Mar mikhael Mar Mikhael Mar Mikhaël Mar Mikhael, Hamra, Badaro, Jisr el Wati/Karantina Mar mkhael Mar mkhayel area Mar Mkheil, Ashrafieh My neighborhood in Ain el Remmane/Furn el Chebbak - next to Hook Cafe Papercup mar Mikhail personally, it was Cafe Younes Hamra Salon Beyrouth located in Clemenceau The coffee shops The Grand Factory The Grand Factory - Burj Hammoun // AHM Club - Beirut The Grand Factory Quarantina, AHM Biel, Badaro, Mar Mikhail the whole city of beirut Tripoli international fair

Fashion_Creative_Heart A Christmas fair in Byblos Achrafieh area ( gemmayze , marmkhael, saifi) , bourj hammoud for production C S B Creative Space Beirut - CSB Gemmayze among others Gemmayzeh, Mar mikhael Hamra Area Mar Mikhael Mar Mikhael Mar Mikhael Mar Mikhaël Mar Mikhael Mar Mikhael / Gemmayze Mar Mikhael and Gemmayze, as they were home to a lot of artists’ workshops Mar Mikhael, Beirut, Liban. Mar Mikhael, Hamra, Badaro, Jisr el Wati/Karantina Mar Mikhail and Gemmayze Mar mkhael and burj hanmoud Nightclubs and bars all over the city Papercup mar Mikhail the whole city of beirut

Music_Creative_Heart Achrafieh AHM AHM - Factory People Ballroom blitz, grand factory BDD Beirut port Creative Space Beirut - CSB Grand factory - quarantina Grmmayze/mar mkheael/the grand factory/ahm Home office Home Office i can’t name one area or place, but any area with coffee shops and bars is the heart of a certain community, be it mar mkhayel, badaro, gemmayze, hamra (metro),the clubs area bourj hammoud.. covid (and the economic downfall and then the beirut blast) hit those coffee shops and bars the most, this consequently has an huge impact on the community. Mainly Nightclubs and social events - No specific place Mar Mikael Beirut Mar mikhael Mar mikhael Mar Mikhael Mar Mikhael Mar Mikhael Mar mikhael - gemmayze - hamra Mar Mikhael and Beirut mainly And Grand Factory as a venue mainly Mar Mikhaël district in Ashrafieh Mar mikhael Quarantina Mar Mikhael, Beirut Mar Mikhael, Hamra, Badaro, Jisr el Wati/Karantina Mar Mkhayel, Badaro Mar Mkheil, Ashrafieh Metro al madina Most venues closed down, maybe metro al madina and onomatopea Quarantine juste en dehors de Beyrouth Radio Lebanon, Hamra The Ballroom Blitz and The Grand Factory The grand factory The Grand Factory The Grand Factory The Grand Factory The Grand Factory - Burj Hammoun // AHM Club - Beirut The Grand Factory - Karantina The grand factory beirut (near port) /the ballroom blitz /orient express badaro/ castle black zahle The Grand Factory Quarantina, AHM Biel, Badaro, Mar Mikhail The grand Factory, beirut Tunefork Studios and Grand Factory Wrkshp

17 Important digital tools

17.1 Digital Tool Importance by City plot

"Have digital tools (email, social media, video conference, streaming, digital technical equipment) become more important to your work since March, 2020?

n = 525

17.2 Digital Tool Importance by City table

Digital Tool Importance by City

cityLive	Less	Neither more nore less	More
Amman, Jordan	3	23	57
Beirut, Lebanon	2	22	85
Cape Town, South Africa	NA	19	58
Dakar, Senegal	NA	8	37
Johannesburg, South Africa	1	15	72
Nairobi, Kenya	NA	16	55
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	2	12	38

17.3 Digital Tool Importance by Industry

"Have digital tools (email, social media, video conference, streaming, digital technical equipment) become more important to your work since March, 2020?

Importance of Digital Tools by Industry

n = 525

18 Social media

• Patterns seem to be very similar across markets. LinkedIn is used more by professionals in design (e.g. Lebanon).

18.1 Socal Platforms

“Do you use any of the following social media for promoting your creative work?”

n = 536

18.2 Social Media Platform by City

“Do you use any of the following social media for promoting your creative work?”

n = 536

18.3 Social Media Platform by Industry

“Do you use any of the following social media for promoting your creative work?”

n = 536

18.4 Social Media City Single Plot - Nairobi

“Do you use any of the following social media for promoting your creative work?”

n = 75

19 Success factors -

19.1 Importance of Success Factors

“How important are these goods, services and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 511

19.2.1 Success Factors Nairobi

“How important are these goods, services, and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 75

19.3.2 Success Factors Amman

“How important are these goods, services, and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 91

19.3.3 Success Factors Cape Town

“How important are these goods, services, and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 86

19.3.4 Success Factors Johannesburg

“How important are these goods, services, and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 90

19.3.5 Success Factors Sulaymaniya

“How important are these goods, services, and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 69

19.3.6 Success Factors Beirut

“How important are these goods, services, and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 119

19.3.7 Success Factors Dakar

“How important are these goods, services, and concepts to the success of your work?”

n = 48

20 Resource Access

Most of the support and access to help is coming from professional and family networks. Foreign organizations do not have a strong level of connectivity.

20.1 Level of Resource Access

“How much access do you feel you have to the following resources to help you with your art/career?”

n = 497

20.1.1 Resource Access by City

“How much access do you feel you have to the following resources to help you with your art/career?”

n = 497

20.1.2 Resource Access by City - Table

variable	value	cityLive	count
Foreign organizations	None at all	Amman, Jordan	14
Foreign organizations	A little	Amman, Jordan	16
Foreign organizations	A moderate amount	Amman, Jordan	19
Foreign organizations	A lot	Amman, Jordan	10
Foreign organizations	A great deal	Amman, Jordan	12
Local officials	None at all	Amman, Jordan	28
Local officials	A little	Amman, Jordan	16
Local officials	A moderate amount	Amman, Jordan	11
Local officials	A lot	Amman, Jordan	7
Local officials	A great deal	Amman, Jordan	9
Local organizations	None at all	Amman, Jordan	16
Local organizations	A little	Amman, Jordan	17
Local organizations	A moderate amount	Amman, Jordan	14
Local organizations	A lot	Amman, Jordan	15
Local organizations	A great deal	Amman, Jordan	11
Professional connections	None at all	Amman, Jordan	6
Professional connections	A little	Amman, Jordan	9
Professional connections	A moderate amount	Amman, Jordan	25
Professional connections	A lot	Amman, Jordan	17
Professional connections	A great deal	Amman, Jordan	15
Support from family or relatives	None at all	Amman, Jordan	7
Support from family or relatives	A little	Amman, Jordan	12
Support from family or relatives	A moderate amount	Amman, Jordan	14
Support from family or relatives	A lot	Amman, Jordan	14
Support from family or relatives	A great deal	Amman, Jordan	24
Technical support	None at all	Amman, Jordan	12
Technical support	A little	Amman, Jordan	22
Technical support	A moderate amount	Amman, Jordan	13
Technical support	A lot	Amman, Jordan	14
Technical support	A great deal	Amman, Jordan	11
Foreign organizations	None at all	Beirut, Lebanon	20
Foreign organizations	A little	Beirut, Lebanon	28
Foreign organizations	A moderate amount	Beirut, Lebanon	40
Foreign organizations	A lot	Beirut, Lebanon	9
Foreign organizations	A great deal	Beirut, Lebanon	6
Local officials	None at all	Beirut, Lebanon	64
Local officials	A little	Beirut, Lebanon	17
Local officials	A moderate amount	Beirut, Lebanon	13
Local officials	A lot	Beirut, Lebanon	7
Local officials	A great deal	Beirut, Lebanon	3
Local organizations	None at all	Beirut, Lebanon	27
Local organizations	A little	Beirut, Lebanon	24
Local organizations	A moderate amount	Beirut, Lebanon	30
Local organizations	A lot	Beirut, Lebanon	16
Local organizations	A great deal	Beirut, Lebanon	5
Professional connections	None at all	Beirut, Lebanon	8
Professional connections	A little	Beirut, Lebanon	8
Professional connections	A moderate amount	Beirut, Lebanon	29
Professional connections	A lot	Beirut, Lebanon	40
Professional connections	A great deal	Beirut, Lebanon	19
Support from family or relatives	None at all	Beirut, Lebanon	17
Support from family or relatives	A little	Beirut, Lebanon	17
Support from family or relatives	A moderate amount	Beirut, Lebanon	18
Support from family or relatives	A lot	Beirut, Lebanon	29
Support from family or relatives	A great deal	Beirut, Lebanon	22
Technical support	None at all	Beirut, Lebanon	23
Technical support	A little	Beirut, Lebanon	23
Technical support	A moderate amount	Beirut, Lebanon	37
Technical support	A lot	Beirut, Lebanon	11
Technical support	A great deal	Beirut, Lebanon	8
Foreign organizations	None at all	Cape Town, South Africa	35
Foreign organizations	A little	Cape Town, South Africa	17
Foreign organizations	A moderate amount	Cape Town, South Africa	16
Foreign organizations	A lot	Cape Town, South Africa	4
Foreign organizations	A great deal	Cape Town, South Africa	6
Local officials	None at all	Cape Town, South Africa	37
Local officials	A little	Cape Town, South Africa	15
Local officials	A moderate amount	Cape Town, South Africa	17
Local officials	A lot	Cape Town, South Africa	4
Local officials	A great deal	Cape Town, South Africa	5
Local organizations	None at all	Cape Town, South Africa	22
Local organizations	A little	Cape Town, South Africa	24
Local organizations	A moderate amount	Cape Town, South Africa	16
Local organizations	A lot	Cape Town, South Africa	6
Local organizations	A great deal	Cape Town, South Africa	8
Professional connections	None at all	Cape Town, South Africa	4
Professional connections	A little	Cape Town, South Africa	6
Professional connections	A moderate amount	Cape Town, South Africa	19
Professional connections	A lot	Cape Town, South Africa	20
Professional connections	A great deal	Cape Town, South Africa	28
Support from family or relatives	None at all	Cape Town, South Africa	7
Support from family or relatives	A little	Cape Town, South Africa	9
Support from family or relatives	A moderate amount	Cape Town, South Africa	17
Support from family or relatives	A lot	Cape Town, South Africa	18
Support from family or relatives	A great deal	Cape Town, South Africa	27
Technical support	None at all	Cape Town, South Africa	15
Technical support	A little	Cape Town, South Africa	12
Technical support	A moderate amount	Cape Town, South Africa	26
Technical support	A lot	Cape Town, South Africa	11
Technical support	A great deal	Cape Town, South Africa	13
Foreign organizations	None at all	Dakar, Senegal	3
Foreign organizations	A little	Dakar, Senegal	6
Foreign organizations	A moderate amount	Dakar, Senegal	7
Foreign organizations	A lot	Dakar, Senegal	17
Foreign organizations	A great deal	Dakar, Senegal	9
Local officials	None at all	Dakar, Senegal	5
Local officials	A little	Dakar, Senegal	10
Local officials	A moderate amount	Dakar, Senegal	10
Local officials	A lot	Dakar, Senegal	11
Local officials	A great deal	Dakar, Senegal	4
Local organizations	None at all	Dakar, Senegal	5
Local organizations	A little	Dakar, Senegal	4
Local organizations	A moderate amount	Dakar, Senegal	6
Local organizations	A lot	Dakar, Senegal	18
Local organizations	A great deal	Dakar, Senegal	8
Professional connections	A little	Dakar, Senegal	4
Professional connections	A moderate amount	Dakar, Senegal	7
Professional connections	A lot	Dakar, Senegal	12
Professional connections	A great deal	Dakar, Senegal	19
Support from family or relatives	None at all	Dakar, Senegal	1
Support from family or relatives	A little	Dakar, Senegal	7
Support from family or relatives	A moderate amount	Dakar, Senegal	8
Support from family or relatives	A lot	Dakar, Senegal	19
Support from family or relatives	A great deal	Dakar, Senegal	7
Technical support	None at all	Dakar, Senegal	7
Technical support	A little	Dakar, Senegal	3
Technical support	A moderate amount	Dakar, Senegal	6
Technical support	A lot	Dakar, Senegal	16
Technical support	A great deal	Dakar, Senegal	11
Foreign organizations	None at all	Johannesburg, South Africa	31
Foreign organizations	A little	Johannesburg, South Africa	27
Foreign organizations	A moderate amount	Johannesburg, South Africa	13
Foreign organizations	A lot	Johannesburg, South Africa	5
Foreign organizations	A great deal	Johannesburg, South Africa	4
Local officials	None at all	Johannesburg, South Africa	45
Local officials	A little	Johannesburg, South Africa	17
Local officials	A moderate amount	Johannesburg, South Africa	13
Local officials	A lot	Johannesburg, South Africa	4
Local officials	A great deal	Johannesburg, South Africa	1
Local organizations	None at all	Johannesburg, South Africa	20
Local organizations	A little	Johannesburg, South Africa	29
Local organizations	A moderate amount	Johannesburg, South Africa	24
Local organizations	A lot	Johannesburg, South Africa	4
Local organizations	A great deal	Johannesburg, South Africa	3
Professional connections	None at all	Johannesburg, South Africa	5
Professional connections	A little	Johannesburg, South Africa	7
Professional connections	A moderate amount	Johannesburg, South Africa	25
Professional connections	A lot	Johannesburg, South Africa	24
Professional connections	A great deal	Johannesburg, South Africa	17
Support from family or relatives	None at all	Johannesburg, South Africa	6
Support from family or relatives	A little	Johannesburg, South Africa	13
Support from family or relatives	A moderate amount	Johannesburg, South Africa	11
Support from family or relatives	A lot	Johannesburg, South Africa	23
Support from family or relatives	A great deal	Johannesburg, South Africa	27
Technical support	None at all	Johannesburg, South Africa	20
Technical support	A little	Johannesburg, South Africa	10
Technical support	A moderate amount	Johannesburg, South Africa	30
Technical support	A lot	Johannesburg, South Africa	10
Technical support	A great deal	Johannesburg, South Africa	8
Foreign organizations	None at all	Nairobi, Kenya	16
Foreign organizations	A little	Nairobi, Kenya	27
Foreign organizations	A moderate amount	Nairobi, Kenya	15
Foreign organizations	A lot	Nairobi, Kenya	1
Foreign organizations	A great deal	Nairobi, Kenya	4
Local officials	None at all	Nairobi, Kenya	27
Local officials	A little	Nairobi, Kenya	21
Local officials	A moderate amount	Nairobi, Kenya	12
Local officials	A lot	Nairobi, Kenya	1
Local officials	A great deal	Nairobi, Kenya	1
Local organizations	None at all	Nairobi, Kenya	20
Local organizations	A little	Nairobi, Kenya	15
Local organizations	A moderate amount	Nairobi, Kenya	14
Local organizations	A lot	Nairobi, Kenya	8
Local organizations	A great deal	Nairobi, Kenya	6
Professional connections	None at all	Nairobi, Kenya	6
Professional connections	A little	Nairobi, Kenya	11
Professional connections	A moderate amount	Nairobi, Kenya	20
Professional connections	A lot	Nairobi, Kenya	12
Professional connections	A great deal	Nairobi, Kenya	13
Support from family or relatives	None at all	Nairobi, Kenya	4
Support from family or relatives	A little	Nairobi, Kenya	8
Support from family or relatives	A moderate amount	Nairobi, Kenya	15
Support from family or relatives	A lot	Nairobi, Kenya	17
Support from family or relatives	A great deal	Nairobi, Kenya	21
Technical support	None at all	Nairobi, Kenya	11
Technical support	A little	Nairobi, Kenya	13
Technical support	A moderate amount	Nairobi, Kenya	25
Technical support	A lot	Nairobi, Kenya	6
Technical support	A great deal	Nairobi, Kenya	7
Foreign organizations	None at all	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	7
Foreign organizations	A little	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	4
Foreign organizations	A moderate amount	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	6
Foreign organizations	A lot	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	10
Foreign organizations	A great deal	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	17
Local officials	None at all	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	10
Local officials	A little	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	4
Local officials	A moderate amount	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	10
Local officials	A lot	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	8
Local officials	A great deal	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	13
Local organizations	None at all	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	8
Local organizations	A little	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	5
Local organizations	A moderate amount	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	11
Local organizations	A lot	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	9
Local organizations	A great deal	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	13
Professional connections	None at all	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	1
Professional connections	A little	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	5
Professional connections	A moderate amount	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	10
Professional connections	A lot	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	11
Professional connections	A great deal	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	19
Support from family or relatives	None at all	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	4
Support from family or relatives	A little	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	3
Support from family or relatives	A moderate amount	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	8
Support from family or relatives	A lot	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	15
Support from family or relatives	A great deal	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	17
Technical support	None at all	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	2
Technical support	A little	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	9
Technical support	A moderate amount	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	5
Technical support	A lot	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	12
Technical support	A great deal	Sulaymaniya, Iraq	17

20.2 Level of Resource Access

Resource Access by Priotity Level Range - Not at all (1) to Extremely (5)

n = 497

20.3.1 Level of Resource Access Nairobi

“How much access do you feel you have to the following resources to help you with your art/career?”

n = 75

20.3.2 Level of Resource Access Dakar

“How much access do you feel you have to the following resources to help you with your art/career?”

n = 48

21 Optimism

21.1 Optimism Levels (#)

“To what degree do you agree with the following statement: “I feel optimistic about the future for my work or practice.”"

n = 498

21.2 Optimism Levels (%)

21.3 Optimism by Industry

Optimism by Industry

n = 498

21.4 Optimism by City

Optimism by City

n = 498

21.4.1 Optimism - Nairobi

“To what degree do you agree with the following statement: I feel optimistic about the future for my work or practice.”

n = 67

21.4.2 Optimism Levels - Sulaymaniya (%)

To what degree do you agree with the following statement: I feel optimistic about the future for my work or practice.

optimism	count	percentage
Strongly agree	26	54.166667
Agree	13	27.083333
I don’t know	5	10.416667
Disagree	2	4.166667
Strongly disagree	2	4.166667

21.4.3 Optimism Levels - Beirut (%)

To what degree do you agree with the following statement: I feel optimistic about the future for my work or practice.

optimism	count	percentage
Strongly agree	14	13.333333
Agree	27	25.714286
I don’t know	43	40.952381
Disagree	14	13.333333
Strongly disagree	7	6.666667

21.4.3 Optimism Levels - Cape Town (%)

To what degree do you agree with the following statement: I feel optimistic about the future for my work or practice.

optimism	count	percentage
Strongly agree	15	18.75
Agree	23	28.75
I don’t know	32	40.00
Disagree	5	6.25
Strongly disagree	5	6.25

21.4.4 Optimism Levels - Joburg (%)

To what degree do you agree with the following statement: I feel optimistic about the future for my work or practice.

optimism	count	percentage
Strongly agree	21	25.925926
Agree	22	27.160494
I don’t know	26	32.098765
Disagree	4	4.938272
Strongly disagree	8	9.876543

22 Age

22.1 Age (#)

“How old are you?”

n = 446

22.2 Age (%)

“How old are you?”

n = 446

22.3 Age by Industry

• The music industry is slightly older, with a higher proportion of survey participants between 35-49
• The deign industry is younger, with most people between 25-34

22.5 Age by City Plot

“How old are you?”

n = 431

22.6 Age by City Table

cityLive	age	n
Amman, Jordan	18-24	5
Amman, Jordan	25-34	35
Amman, Jordan	35-49	16
Amman, Jordan	50-64	5
Beirut, Lebanon	18-24	5
Beirut, Lebanon	25-34	51
Beirut, Lebanon	35-49	30
Beirut, Lebanon	50-64	3
Cape Town, South Africa	18-24	6
Cape Town, South Africa	25-34	14
Cape Town, South Africa	35-49	35
Cape Town, South Africa	50-64	10
Cape Town, South Africa	65+	2
Dakar, Senegal	18-24	2
Dakar, Senegal	25-34	19
Dakar, Senegal	35-49	17
Dakar, Senegal	50-64	2
Dakar, Senegal	65+	1
Johannesburg, South Africa	18-24	6
Johannesburg, South Africa	25-34	21
Johannesburg, South Africa	35-49	38
Johannesburg, South Africa	50-64	6
Johannesburg, South Africa	65+	2
Nairobi, Kenya	18-24	9
Nairobi, Kenya	25-34	29
Nairobi, Kenya	35-49	12
Nairobi, Kenya	50-64	5
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	18-24	27
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	25-34	15
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	35-49	3

23 Gender

23.1

“What is your gender?”

n = 535

23.2 Gender by industry

“What is your gender?”

n = 535

23.3 Gender by city plot

“What is your gender?”

n = 518

23.4 Gender by city table

cityLive	n	Female	Male	Non-binary / third gender	Prefer not to say
Amman, Jordan	1	NA	NA	1.282051	NA
Amman, Jordan	2	NA	NA	NA	2.564103
Amman, Jordan	34	NA	43.58974	NA	NA
Amman, Jordan	41	52.56410	NA	NA	NA
Beirut, Lebanon	45	41.66667	NA	NA	NA
Beirut, Lebanon	63	NA	58.33333	NA	NA
Cape Town, South Africa	1	NA	NA	1.234568	NA
Cape Town, South Africa	25	30.86420	NA	NA	NA
Cape Town, South Africa	55	NA	67.90123	NA	NA
Dakar, Senegal	1	NA	NA	NA	2.173913
Dakar, Senegal	16	34.78261	NA	NA	NA
Dakar, Senegal	29	NA	63.04348	NA	NA
Johannesburg, South Africa	1	NA	NA	1.234568	NA
Johannesburg, South Africa	3	NA	NA	NA	3.703704
Johannesburg, South Africa	22	27.16049	NA	NA	NA
Johannesburg, South Africa	55	NA	67.90123	NA	NA
Nairobi, Kenya	2	NA	NA	NA	2.941177
Nairobi, Kenya	27	39.70588	NA	NA	NA
Nairobi, Kenya	39	NA	57.35294	NA	NA
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	1	NA	NA	1.785714	1.785714
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	21	37.50000	NA	NA	NA
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	33	NA	58.92857	NA	NA

24 Education

• We have very few people without a higher degree in Lebanon and Jordan, almost all in design fields have higher education.

24.1 Education by City plot

“What is the highest level of education you’ve completed?”

n = 513

24.2 Education by City table

Education Level by City

cityLive	Primary school	Secondary school	Vocational school	University	Graduate school	Other
Amman, Jordan	NA	NA	NA	76.92308	20.512821	2.564103
Beirut, Lebanon	1.851852	2.777778	1.851852	62.96296	27.777778	2.777778
Cape Town, South Africa	NA	25.925926	2.469136	51.85185	12.345679	7.407407
Dakar, Senegal	2.272727	13.636364	29.545455	36.36364	13.636364	4.545454
Johannesburg, South Africa	2.500000	21.250000	2.500000	38.75000	23.750000	11.250000
Nairobi, Kenya	NA	14.705882	5.882353	57.35294	19.117647	2.941177
None of the above	NA	23.076923	7.692308	53.84615	NA	15.384615
Sulaymaniya, Iraq	1.851852	20.370370	3.703704	61.11111	1.851852	11.111111

24.3 Education by Industry

Education Level by Industry

n = 526